Treatment strategy for pregnancy epulis / 华西口腔医学杂志

Pregnancy epulis is a tumor-like lesion with high prevalence in China. The local lesion, the general condition of the pregnant patient, and the complications during treatment should be taken into consideration when making a treatment plan for pregnancy epulis. In this study, three representative pregnancy epulis cases were presented, and related studies at home and aboard were reviewed to summarize the etiology, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of pregnancy epulis and share the clinical experience in the treatment of pregnancy epulis.

Estado gingival de dientes temporales con y sin restauración de coronas de acero en niños de 3 a 9 años / Gingival Condition around the Temporary Teeth with and without Steel Crown Restorations in 3-to-9 Year-Old Children

Antecedentes: Con las coronas de acero es posible conservar los dientes temporales hasta su exfoliación fisiológica; sin embargo, en la literatura existe controversia con respecto al comportamiento del tejido gingival de los dientes restaurados con coronas de acero. Propósito: /Analizar el estado gingival de dientes temporales con restauración de coronas de acero y sin esta en niños de 3 a 9 años de edad atendidos en las clínicas odontológicas de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, en Bogotá, entre 2013 y 2014. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se observaron 110 dientes temporales restaurados con corona de acero y sus antagonistas sin corona de acero. Se analizaron los índices gingival y de biopelíeula, la adaptación clínica de las coronas de acero y la presencia o ausencia de exceso de cemento en todas las superficies de los dientes. Resultados: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la adaptación de las coronas de acero y el estado gingival. El único indicador relevante fixe la superficie vestibular (p = 0,018). Por otra parte, el estado gingival y la biopelíeula presentaron una baja correlación (¡9 %). Conclusiones: El índice gingival de dientes restaurados con coronas de acero y sin estas presentó una correlación positiva entre la inflamación gingival y la edad de la población pediátrica, aun cuando la retención de biopelíeula no fue significativa.

Bideground: Ihc use of steel crowns enables to preserve the temporary teeth until their physiological changeover; however, in the literature there is a controversy regarding the behavior of the gingival tissue around teeth restored with steel crowns. Purpose: To analyze the gingival condition around the temporary teeth that have been restored with and without steel crowns in children from 3 to 9 years old who attended to the dental clinic at the Pontificia Universidad de Colombia in Bogotá between 2013 and 2014. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out and 110 temporary teeth restored with steel crown were observed and compared to the teeth restored without it. Biofilm and gingival indexes were analyzed as well as the steel crown clinical adaptation and the presence of cement excess in any of the dental surfaces. Results: No significant statistical difference was found bccwccn the steel crown adaptation and the gingival condition. 'Ihc only relevant indicator was the vestibular surface (p = 0.018). On the other hand, both the biofilm and the gingival condition showed a poor correlation (19%). Conclusions: Ihc gingival index in teeth restored with and without steel crown showed a positive correlation between gingival inflammation and the children populación age, even chough the biofilm retention was not significant.

Conditions for oral health in patients with autism / Condiciones de salud oral en pacientes con autismo

Autism is characterized as a behavioral disorder. The autistic patient has some difficulties with common life routines, such as oral hygiene and also improper diet. As a consequence the refusal of physical contact, the implementation of brushing and flossing by caregivers is difficult. The present study aimed to conduct an epidemiological study of autistic patients in treatment at the Rehabilitation Center and Neurological Organization in North of Brazil, adopting the CPO-D and ceo-d. The clinical examination has been performed with the patient sitting in chairs, at the Rehabilitation Centre itself, under artificial fluorescent light intended for room lighting. From 26 patients included in the study, 76.9 % of subjects were male with a mean age of 13 years. Fifty percent had caries, and 11.5% had lesions on the gums. The mean ceo-d of children 2­8 years was 0.67. In patients 10­15 years and 20­40 years, the mean CPO-D was 0.70, and 3.00, respectively. From the study, the most significant data, seen was that half of autistic patients had carious lesions. It is vital to improve oral health conditions in these patients and by using preventive dentistry, analyze their susceptibility to oral diseases.

El autismo se caracteriza como un trastorno conductual. El paciente autista tiene algunas dificultades en las rutinas ordinarias de la vida, tales como la higiene oral. Como consecuencia, la negativa al contacto físico, la implementación del cepillado y uso de hilo dental es difícil para los cuidadores. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo llevar a cabo un estudio epidemiológico de los pacientes autistas en el Centro de Rehabilitación y la organización neurológica en el norte de Brasil, adoptando el CPOD y ceod. El examen clínico se realizó con el paciente sentado en una silla en el propio Centro de Rehabilitación, bajo una luz fluorescente artificial para la iluminación de la habitación. Veintiseis pacientes fueron incluidos en el estudio, el 76,9 % de los sujetos eran varones con una edad media de 13 años con un 50 % de caries, y en un 11,5 % se observaron lesiones gingivales. La media ceod de los niños de 2 a 8 años fue de 0,67. En los pacientes de 10­15 años y 20­40 años, el promedio CPOD fue de 0,70 y 3,00, respectivamente. A partir del estudio se pudo determinar que la mitad de los pacientes autistas tienen caries. Es importante la educación de estos pacientes para mejorar la salud oral y la aplicación de la odontología preventiva.

Hallazgos citológicos de la enfermedad gingivo-periodontal pre y post-tratamiento en pacientes atendidos en la Cátedra de Periodoncia de la FOUNNE / Pre- and post-treatment findings of gingivo-periodontal disease in patients who attended the Department of Periodontics, FOUNNE

Describir y comparar las alteraciones citológicas encontradas en la pared blanda de la bolsa periodontal y margen gingival vestibular de pacientescon enfermedad gíngivo-periodontal en el pre y post tratamiento. Material y métodos: Se estudiaron 38 pacientesmayores de 24 años y menores de 61 años, de ambos sexos, quienes acudieron a la Cátedra de Periodoncia de la Facultad de Odontología de la UNNE. Las muestras citológicas fueron tomadas con cureta de Gracey, se fijaron en alcohol de 96 grados y se colorearon con la técnica de Papanicolaou. En la evaluación citológica se consideró: tipos celulares, grado de queratinización y otros elementos acompañantes del fondo. Resultados: Se observó un mayor porcentaje deperiodontitis moderada (63 por ciento), predominando en el sexo masculino (56 por ciento) y el promedio de edad fuede 49 y 61 años (53 por ciento). Los extendidos pre- tratamiento presentaron mayor celularidad con células superficiales de núcleos picnóticos, células reactivas y abundantes células inflamatorias. En los posttratamiento predominó la mayor queratinización con escamas epiteliales y células con características reparativas (metaplásicas) y menor porcentaje decélulas inflamatorias y hematíes. Conclusiones: la citología exfoliativa gingival constituye un método diagnóstico complementario sencillo en la evaluación y seguimiento del tratamiento y evolución de pacientes con periodontitis...

Manejo del espacio biológico: revisión de literatura / Management of biological width: Literature review

Dentro de los diagnósticos de las patologías Periodontales, la clasificación número VIII según el último workshop de la Academia Americana de Periodoncia incluye a factores localizados y relacionados con un diente que predisponen a enfermedades gingivales inducidas por la biopelícula o la periodontitis; muchos de estos diagnósticos involucran directamente al espacio biológico. El espacio biológico es una zona variable, ya sea por la edad, el sexo, la pieza dentaria, la posición dentro de la arcada, etc. Sin embargo su función siempre es la misma, servir de soporte y de ser una zona fisiológicamente activa frente a la agresión bacteriana y mecánica. El presente artículo resume las múltiples fuentes de información de la literatura científica para abordar al detalle los aspectos a considerar al momento de diagnosticar las alteraciones del espacio biológico así como los protocolos para el tratamiento que permita su restauración...

Within the diagnoses of periodontal diseases, the classification number VIII according to the last workshop of the American Academy of Periodontology includes tooth localized factors and related that predisposing plaque-induced gingival diseases or Periodontitis, many of these diagnoses involve directly the biological width. Biological width is a variable area, either due to age, sex, the tooth, the position within the arcade, etc. However, its function is always the same, provide support and be a physiologically active zone against bacterial aggression and mechanics. This article summarizes the multiple sources of information in the scientific literature to address in detail the aspects to consider when diagnosing disorders of the biological width and the protocols for the treatment to its restoration or alteration...

Tatuagem extensa por amálgama em mucosa gêngivo-alveolar / Extensive amalgam tattoo on the alveolar-gingival mucosa

Tatuagens por amálgama são lesões pigmentadas, exógenas, de frequente ocorrência na mucosa bucal, que resultam da introdução acidental de partículas de amálgama nos tecidos moles. O diagnóstico da tatuagem por amálgama é simples, geralmente, baseado em achados clínicos, complementado pela história recente ou pregressa de remoção de restauração por amálgama. Radiografias intraorais podem ser úteis na detecção de radiopacidade, associadas à partícula de amálgama. Nos casos em que as tatuagens por amálgama não permitem diferenciação de outras lesões melanocíticas, o exame histopatológico deve ser realizado. Os autores relatam à ocorrência de lesão extensa por tatuagem de amálgama com confirmação histopatológica.

Amalgam tattoos are common exogenous pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa occurring mainly by inadvertent placement of amalgam particles into soft tissues. The diagnosis of amalgam tattoo is simple, usually based on clinical findings associated with presence or history of amalgam fillings removal. Intraoral X-rays may be helpful in detecting amalgam-related radiopacity. In cases where amalgam tattoo cannot be differentiated from other causes of oral pigmentation, a biopsy should be performed. This article deals with an extensive amalgam tattoo lesion which required a biopsy for a definitive diagnosis.

Gender specific prevalence of gingival disease among the patients visiting baqai dental hospital

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of gingival disease with regards to the age and sex of the patients who sought treatment from Baqai Dental Hospital. Out of 746 patients, 524 [71.18% male and 28.82% female] were diagnosed as suffering from gingivitis, both acute and chronic. Standard protocol procedures for examination and diagnosis of gingival disease were followed. Lack of proper oral hygiene was concluded as the dominant causative factor

Principais tumores não odontogênicos que acometem a cavidade bucal de crianças: [revisão] / The most relevant non odontogenic tumors found in children oral cavity: [review]

O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever as características clínicas, radiográficas e histológicas, assim como aspectos relacionados ao tratamento e prognóstico das patologias tumoriformes não odontogênicas mais comumente encontradas na cavidade bucal de crianças. Dentre elas estão o papiloma, o hemangioma, o linfangioma, a epúlide congênita do recém-nascido, o granuloma piogênico, as lesões periféricas e centrais de células gigantes e o fibroma ossificante periférico.

The aim of this review is to relate the clinical, radiographical and histological aspects, the treatment andprognostic of non odontogenic tumors commonly found in the oral cavity of children. Beside these tumors are the papilloma, hemangioma, lymphangioma, neonatal congenital epulis, pyogenic granuloma, peripheral and central giant cell lesions, and peripheral ossifying fibroma.

Gingival plasma cell granuloma.

Plasma cell granuloma is a rare reactive lesion composed of polyclonal plasma cells. It manifests primarily in the lungs, but may occur in various other anatomic locations like the oral cavity. Intraoral plasma cell granulomas involving the tongue, lip, oral mucosa and gingiva have been reported in the past. This case presents a 54-year-old female with chronic periodontitis and mandibular anterior gingival overgrowth treated by Phase I therapy (scaling and root planing) and excisional biopsy. Histological examination revealed inflammatory cell infiltrate containing sheets of plasma cells. Immunohistochemistry for kappa and lambda light chains showed a polyclonal staining pattern confirming a diagnosis of plasma cell granuloma. This case highlights the need to biopsy for unusual lesions to rule out potential neoplasms.

Metastatic lung malignancy to mandibular gingiva.

Metastatic tumors of oral cavity are uncommon and may occur in oral soft tissues or jaw bones. Because of their rarity, metastasis to oral cavity are challenging to diagnose and difficult to treat. They often have vague symptoms that mimic dental infections. These lesions generally show poorly differentiated histopathologic picture and have poor prognosis. We reported a case of a 40-year-old male patient of metastatic lesion to the oral cavity and brain with primary tumor, diagnosed as an undifferentiated epithelial malignancy of lung.

Peripheral giant cell granuloma and peripheral ossifying fibroma in children: two case reports

The aim of this study was to present the clinical and histopathological evaluation of reactive gingival lesions, such as peripheral giant cell granuloma [PGCG] and peripheral ossifying fibroma [POF], as exemplified in two cases. A 12- and a 13-year-old girl were referred to the Department of Pedodontics, both complaining of a painless swelling mass. After histopathological evaluation, the lesions were diagnosed as PGCG and POE. These gingival enlargements were totally resected after adequate clinical and radiological examinations. No recurrence has occurred in the 1-year follow-up period. These cases show that without histopathological evaluation, these two lesions could have been misdiagnosed due to their similarity in appearance. Early detection and treatment of these lesions are important to reduce bone loss or displacement of dental germs or teeth

Estado actual del manejo de recesiones gingivalesmediante cirugía plástica periodontal / Current status of the management of gingival recession by periodontal plastic surgery

El término cirugía mucogingival ha sido introducido desde los años 50. A partir de este momentose ha publicado una variedad de literatura relacionada con el tema. Es frecuente observar como los pacientes relatan preocupación ante la presencia de recesiones gingivales que generan incomodidades como: demanda estética, hipersensibilidad, caries radicular y pérdida dental. Para corregir estos inconvenientes se ha llevado a cabo procedimientos que han ayudado a tener una correcta predecibilidad de los resultados. Es importante realizar un buen diagnóstico preoperatorio delas características de la zona afectada y las condiciones generales de cada paciente. De esta manera podremos seleccionar la técnica más adecuada para cada caso, asegurar el éxito del tratamiento y el bienestar de los pacientes.

The term muco-gingival surgery was introduced in the 1950s. Since then, many studies and literature reports have been published on the subject. Patients frequently report concern on the presence of gingival recessions which create problems such as esthetic compromise, hypersensitivity, root cavities and tooth loss. In order to overcome these problems, different procedures have been reported aimed at predicting the results. It is important to establish an adequate diagnosis of the characteristics of the affected area and the general condition of each patient. This will allow an adequate selection of the most appropriate technique for each case, ensuring success of treatment and comfort for patients.

Manifestações bucais em crianças com dentição decídua expostas passivamente ao tabaco / Oral manifestations in children with deciduous dentition passively exposed to tobacco

A exposição passiva ao tabaco é um problema médico e social que leva o não fumante a sofrer uma série de doenças, tanto sistêmicas como de repercussão bucal. Este trabalho apresenta uma revisão da literatura que relaciona o tabagismo passivo com o risco de cárie dental e alterações gengivais na dentição decídua, com o propósito de levar ao conhecimento do profissional cirurgião-dentista um tema não muito difundido e instruí-lo na sua prevenção.

Recubrimiento de las recesiones gingivales con la técnica de injerto conjuntivo subepitelial asociado al deslizamiento coronario del colgajo: relato de caso clínico / Coronal positioned flaps associated with free subepitelial conective tissue graft for treatment of gingival recession: clinical case report

Recesión gingival es definida como la localización apical del margen gingival en relación a la unión cemento - esmalte, siendo predominante en la cara vestibular de los dientes. Además de provocar una desarmonía en la estética, puede causar sensibilidad destinaría. Para el tratamiento de recesiones gingivales han sido propuestas técnicas que pueden ser agrupadas en injertos pediculados, injertos libres y regeneración de tejidos guiada. El objetivo de este trabajo es relatar el caso clínico de un paciente con recesiones gingivales generalizadas. Luego de la anamnesis y examen clínico, se atribuye la etiología de las recesiones al cepillado incorrecta y trauma oclusal. Se realizó una adecuada instrucción de higiene bucal y ajuste oclusal. Se procedió a la aplicación de nitrato de potasio al 5 por ciento por dos meses, sin embargo, él paciente se quejaba de sensibilidad y del aspecto estético. Para el recubrimiento de las raíces expuestas fueron realizadas las técnicas de colgajo posicionado coronalmente asociado y no asociado al injerto conjuntivo subepitelial. Luego de un año los dientes muestran ausencia de sangramiento y sensibilidad destinaría, con profundidad de sondaje normal (<3mm). Los resultados de esta técnica se muestran satisfactorios, atendiendo las expectativas del paciente

Gingival recession is defined as the apical location of the gingival in relation to the cement-enamel junction, being predominant in buccal aspect. Other than causing esthetic disharmony, it can cause dentine sensitive. To treat gingival recession, the following techniques can be employed: pedicle gingival graft, free gingival graft, and guided tissue regeneration. The purpose of this study is to present a case report with generalized gingival recession. After anamneses and clinical exam, the etiology of the gingival recession was indicated as incorrect oral hygiene and occlusal trauma. The patient receive adequate oral hygiene instruction and the occlusion was adjusted. Five percent potassium nitrate was applied locally for two months, however, the patient still complained of dentine sensitivity and lack of esthetics. For root coverage, coronal positioned flaps were conduct with or without free subepithelial connective tissue. One year later the teeth presented absence of bleeding and dentine sensitive, with normal probe depth (<3mm). The results of this techniques fulfilled the patients esthetic need and eliminated the dentinal sensitivity

Erosive oral lichen planus and its management: a case series.

Lichen planus (LP), although a dermatosis, is more common in the oral mucous membrane than in the skin. Lesions of oral LP are classically found on the buccal mucosa and gingiva. Among the various types, the reticular lesions are asymptomatic and require no treatment, but pain and severe discomfort accompany the erosive or ulcerative lesions. Malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma developing in areas of erosive oral LP (EOLP) being a possibility, it is important for clinicians to maintain a high index of suspicion for all intraoral lichenoid lesions. Therefore, periodic follow-up of all patients with EOLP is recommended. In view of the above, this paper highlights the management of four cases of EOLP with topical corticosteroid and CO2 laser surgery.

Estudio descriptivo de los tejidos gingivales en niños de dentición temporaria y mixta temprana / A descriptive study of gingival tissues in children with primary and early mixed dentition

El propósito de este trabajo fue analizar las características de normalidad de los tejidos gingivales en dentición temporaria y mixta temprana y su alteración en relación con diferentes factores sistémicos y locales que propician el acúmulo de placa bacteriana, considerada como principal agentes responsable de la instalación del proceso inflamatorio de los tejidos gingivales. Estos fueron evaluados end el análisis de correlación entre los índices de salud gingival y los niveles de higiene bucal. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en una población de 80 niños de 4 a 8 años que asistieron a la Cátedra de Integral Niños, Area Odontopediatría, de la Facultad de Odontología de la UNC (Argentina). Se efectuó un examen bucal, registro del estado clínico de los tejidos gingivales y de los factores asociados al acúmulo de placa bacteriana. Se aplicó el Indice de Higiene Oral Simplificado de Green y Vermillon y el Indice Gingival de Loe y Silness. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente. Del total de niños examinados, el 35 por ciento presentó gingivitis en dentición temporaria y un 55 por ciento en dentición mixta. El 77 por ciento no tuvo antecedentes de salud general asociados con enfermedades gingivoperiodontales. No existió relación entre los niveles de gingivitis y factores locales de retención. Los valores de higiene oral obtenidos correspondieron a niveles buenos y regulares y el índice gingival a gingivitis leve y moderada, existiendo entre ambos una relación significativa.

Primary isolated gingival tuberculosis

Tuberculosis of the oral cavity is a rare event and when present is usually secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis. We present a case of a 33-year-old male patient who presented with symptoms of gingivitis. Local examination revealed multiple ulcers and a few nodules over the gingiva. A nodule biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of gingival tuberculosis. The patient had no evidence of tuberculosis any where else in the body. Medical treatment was curative. As this condition is very rare, it is often over looked as it is never thought as a common clinical diagnosis. A biopsy is mandatory to establish diagnosis. The relevant literature is reviewed.

Systemic lupus erythematosus.

Desquamative gingival lesions are non-plaque induced inflammatory gingival lesions. It is a clinical description and not a diagnosis. These desquamative lesions represent oral manifestations of various dermatoses. Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), one of the rare dermatoses shows desquamative lesions as the oral manifestation. We here with report a case of SLE with oral lesions involving gingiva of a 36 year old female patient. The clinical presentation, histological features, and investigatory findings are discussed.

Efeito clínico de solução anti-septica à base de própolis em crianças cáries ativa / Evaluation clinical effects of anti-septic solution based on propolis in caries-active children

Objetivo: Avaliar a ação de uma solução anti-séptica do extratode própolis sobre os índices clínicos: e contagem de S. mutans.Método: A atividade antimicrobiana do extrato foi realizada emmeio de cultura sólido para determinar a ConcentraçãoInibitória Mínima (CIM) utilizando cepas de S. mutans. A partirda CIM do extrato foi confeccionada uma solução parabochecho de própolis (6,25 porcento), a qual foi utilizada como soluçãoteste e comparada com um controle positivo, clorexidina(0,12 porcentoutilizaram a solução para bochecho de própolis durante 15 diasconsecutivos, e com intervalo de 21 dias, fizeram uso dobochecho de clorexidina. Foram coletados os índices paraacúmulo de biofilme oral (IHO-S) e doença gengival (IG) antes(T ) e 24 horas após (T ) o uso das soluções realizou-se a 0 1contagem de S. mutans de amostra da saliva antes (T ) e 24 0horas (T ), 7 dias (T ), 15 dias (T ) e 21 dias (T ) depois do final 0 7 15 21de ambos os bochechos. Resultados: Os resultadosdemonstraram significância redução do número de S. mutansnos tempos 24 horas (p<0,001), 7 dias (p<0,05) e 15 dias(p<0,05) após o uso da solução de própolis, não diferindo dasolução de clorexidina (p>0,05). Conclusão: A solução doextrato de própolis apresentou satisfatória atividadeantimicrobiana e semelhante ação da clorexidina, além deatuar sobre condições clínicas como a presença de biofilmeoral e doença gengival, podendo ser empregado como agente terapeutico.